Types of prostatitis in men

Prostate disease is one of the most common and insidious in men over the age of 40. At first, patients may not be aware of the presence of the problem, but over time, the symptoms are felt. If you do not consult a doctor in time, prostatitis becomes chronic and complications can occur. Depending on the severity, causes, and nature of the course, different types of prostatitis differ.

Types of prostatitis according to the shape of its course:

• acute;
• chronic;
• latent.

What is prostatitis due to its occurrence:

• herpetic;
• bacterial;
• calculous;
• stagnant;
• contagious;
• purulent;
• chlamydial;
• fungal;
• gonorrhea;
• fibrous.

Classification

Faced with such an unpleasant disease of the genitourinary system as inflammation of the prostate, many men wonder why they have prostatitis.

Understanding the etiology of the disease helps in accurate diagnosis and effective prevention.

By the shape of the flow

According to the form of the course, prostatitis is divided into acute, chronic and latent, among which there are catarrhal, follicular, parenchymal (purulent).

There are the following forms of the disease:

• In catarrhal prostatitis in the male body there is a disorder of urination and discomfort in the pubic region. This is the most common type of acute prostatitis.
• Follicular prostatitis is characterized by symptoms such as pain in the groin or anus, fever and severe urinary disorders (dysuria). In a more advanced form, when a patient delays a visit to the doctor, acute pain develops during urination and urinary retention occurs.
• Parenchymal prostatitis - an abscess with purulent contents is created in the body of the prostate. In this case, fever occurs, sharp pains appear with frequent urges to urinate. The temperature rises to 39-40 ° C, the act of defecation becomes almost impossible.

Acute prostatitis

Acute prostatitis is a condition in which there is inflammation of the prostate, which occurs in a short time and is characterized by various symptoms. Glandular swelling occurs, caused by the negative effects of pathogenic microflora. Disease-causing bacteria disrupt tissue integrity, causing permanent discomfort in the pelvic area, even at rest.

There are several dominant routes for prostate infection to enter:

• in inflammation of the rectum - lymphogenic pathway;
• after infectious diseases - hematogenous;
• directly through the urethra - canalicular.

Excessive accumulation of contents in the prostate creates excellent conditions for the growth of bacteria, which causes various complications:

• abscess;
• BPH;
• prostate cancer;
• loss of potency;
• infertility.

The symptoms of prostatitis are so painful that the patient is forced to seek medical help immediately. If you do not do this in time, prostatitis will turn into a chronic form, which is much harder to cure. Antibiotic therapy in combination with drugs that strengthen the immune system effectively fights the disease.

Chronic prostatitis

Symptoms of chronic prostatitis are usually found in the background of prostate congestion, which is a consequence of untreated disease in the acute form. It usually occurs in men over the age of 50 who have not sought help and are engaged in self-medication. Many of them have developed complications due to concomitant diseases. In addition, not everyone is sexually active enough at this age, as a result of which the secretion in the prostate thickens and stagnates, leading to dysfunction. A broken relationship also causes fluid stagnation. According to modern research, about 40% of people who have symptoms of chronic prostatitis have erection problems.

Chronic prostatitis, as a rule, has mild symptoms that occur only during exacerbations. Patients notice dull pain in the groin area, which increases after physical exertion and at the end of the day. The pain often radiates to the lower back, scrotum and perineum. Frequent urination is noticed, especially at night, the jet is intermittent, it pours out wrong.

Sexual intercourse becomes shorter, incomplete erection is noticed, sometimes there is pain in the head of the penis. Infertility is usually found in people with chronic prostatitis; impotence at this stage of the disease is practically non-existent. Sometimes there is a change in the color of the genitals, due to improper blood circulation they become purple.

Each of the symptoms of prostatitis worsens if left untreated. The condition is similar to the manifestations in the acute course of the disease. Weakening of the immune system, stress, neglect of diet, bad habits - all this leads to worsening and worsening of the condition.

The chronic form often leads to symptoms such as cystitis, kidney disease and adenomas. The risk of urolithiasis and the development of a malignant tumor increases. Often, the pathological process is almost asymptomatic and was discovered quite by accident during laboratory tests related to another disease.

Because of the appearance

There are many reasons that cause the development of prostatitis of infectious and non-infectious etiology, as well as predisposing factors. The following types of prostatitis are distinguished due to their appearance:

• bacterial;
• calculous;
• stagnant;
• contagious;
• purulent.

Sedentary lifestyle, frequent hypothermia, infrequent sexual activity, interrupted sexual intercourse, smoking, alcohol abuse, stressful situations - all these circumstances affect the stagnation of secretions in the vessels of the prostate and in the vessels adjacent to it. Prostatitis is classified into several forms, depending on the reasons for its occurrence.

Bacterial prostatitis

Bacterial prostatitis is caused by bacteria that enter the prostate in different ways. It can be one type of bacteria or a group of them. The disease can be caused by:

• fungi;
• gonococci;
• Koch's wand;
• chlamydia;
• several types of bacteria at once.

The inflammatory process is most often associated with the penetration of bacteria into the prostate caused by sexually transmitted diseases. Thoughtful sex with frequent change of partners and without the use of protective equipment leads to diseases such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, fungal infections. In addition, the development of pathology is facilitated by a decrease in immunity due to violations of the regime of work and rest. Bad habits, such as smoking, drinking alcohol, inactive lifestyle, etc. , Also reduce immunity.

The most obvious symptoms that accompany bacterial prostatitis include tingling, pain, and cloudy discharge during urination. The smell of urine is unpleasant. General symptoms accompanying intoxication are noticed: dizziness, weakness, nausea, fever. Pain is noticed during ejaculation, and sometimes blood is present. With chronic bacterial prostatitis, urination becomes more frequent, yellowish or greenish discharge from the penis appears.

Calculous prostatitis

In calculous prostatitis, stones form in the prostate ducts. This form of the disease is very complex and is accompanied by severe pain. Conglomerates are of different origins: phosphates, oxalates, with a predominance of calcium and protein.

There are two reasons for the appearance of stones in the ducts: stagnation of the gland contents and the throwing of urine into the prostate.

Stagnation is associated with various factors that interfere with the normal outflow of secreted fluid. Prolonged sexual abstinence, hyperplasia, the presence of a tumor that closes the channels and an inactive lifestyle lead to stagnation of secretions and disorders of the vascular and lymphatic system.

Urine excretion is caused by a malfunction of the sphincter, which relaxes, and urine flows both outside and inside. The presence of stones and sand in the bladder contributes to the development of stones in the prostate ducts. They enter there with urine, settle and continue their growth, eventually reducing the output. Genital injuries and surgery can lead to sphincter dysfunction.

In the beginning, the calculous form of prostatitis is asymptomatic, because the stones grow, the symptoms intensify. The pain is in the lower abdomen or in the scrotum, radiating to the buttocks and lower back. Pain at rest is not noticed and occurs only during physical exertion, the act of defecation and urination, as well as during intercourse and walking.

Large stones with sharp edges injure the canal during movement, leading not only to pain but also to the discharge of blood in the urine and ejaculate. Stone wounds can be easily infected, and then calculous prostatitis will grow into contagious ones.

After about a month, with calculous prostatitis, the work of the whole body is disturbed, the person feels bad, feels insomnia, increased fatigue and irritability.

In the advanced stages of calculous prostatitis, after a complete diagnostic examination, a drug is prescribed and surgical treatment is performed to remove the conglomerate.

Congestive prostatitis

The stagnant appearance of prostatitis occurs due to delayed secretion in the prostate. Such problems are most often observed in men with inactive work, who do not do sports. As a result of hypodynamics, there is a violation of blood circulation in the pelvic organs, the prostate suffers from an insufficient supply of oxygen and nutrients, stagnation and inflammation occur. If nothing is done, the disease becomes chronic and causes great discomfort.

Congestive prostatitis causes an irregular sex life or its complete absence. In this case, men should free the gland from the secretion on their own, but do not overdo it, because regular masturbation can harm incomplete ejaculation. Many spouses have found such a way to prevent pregnancy on their own as a broken relationship. It also leads to incomplete ejaculation and inflammation.

Sometimes hypothermia or varicose vein disease becomes a provoking factor. Abnormalities in prostate structure can also cause stagnation. Regular overheating of the pelvic region and constant constipation negatively affect the formation of secretions. Depending on the factors that cause the disease, there are several types of congestive prostatitis.

• Venous prostatitis. It occurs in people with varicose veins of the lower extremities. In this disease, all the organs of the small pelvis are affected due to improper circulation.
• Congestive. It develops with partial prostate emptying. Gradual overflow leads to stagnation.
• Chronic. It develops when the wrong way of life becomes a habit. If nothing is done to change the situation, the disease becomes chronic. It happens more often in single men who suffer from obesity, already in adulthood, when the anamnesis is burdened with concomitant diseases. At this stage, the prostate is often enlarged, which is easy to determine on examination.
• Infectious. It joins the already existing inflammation of the prostate when the infection enters the genitourinary system.

Manifested symptoms of prostatitis are caused by difficulty urinating, groin pain, tension during stool and weakening of sexual activity. As a result of these symptoms, stagnant types of prostatitis develop poor health, irritability, reduced ability to work and sleep disorders.

Infectious prostatitis

Microorganisms that can cause signs of acute prostatitis include Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus, Eltirococcus, Klebsiella. There are bacteria that are constantly in the body, but at rest do not lead to inflammatory processes. When they penetrate through the urethra to the mucous membrane of the prostate, the process of development and reproduction of microorganisms begins, as a result of which inflammation develops. Non-selective and unprotected sex also allows harmful bacteria to enter the body.

Typical symptoms are pain in the scrotum, perineum, lower abdomen, lower back, pain and a burning sensation in the small pelvis. Difficulty urinating, acute urinary retention occurs. In addition to the above symptoms that accompany an infectious type of prostatitis, constipation, urethral discharge, hemospermia, and pain during ejaculation may occur.

This is a dangerous disease that is capable of causing infection of the sexual partner, leading to general blood poisoning or the development of pyelonephritis and cystitis, even in the earliest stages.

Purulent prostatitis

Purulent prostatitis usually develops when a bacterial infection enters the prostate. The disease occurs in four stages.

• Catarrhal. It develops after suffering from acute respiratory viral infections, tonsillitis, influenza. Purulent contents are present in the urine. The burning sensation is when the bladder is empty. Patients notice a weakening of potency. The process that accompanies this type of prostatitis involves the superficial tissues of the prostate.
• Focal. The process extends to the glandular tissue. The canals swell, the outflow is disturbed. The size of the gland increases due to the accumulation of pus in it which is excreted in the urine. Body temperature rises.
• Parenchymal. Connective tissue is involved in the process, edema becomes even greater, the temperature can reach 40 ° C. Piercing pain in the anus feels a false urge to urinate.
• Abscessive. The most insidious form of prostatitis. The temperature is seriously confused, there is a lot of pus and unbearable pain. This phase can be complicated by peritonitis and is fraught with death.

Purulent prostatitis can be complicated by symptoms and diseases such as paraproctitis, paracystitis, abscess, sepsis. Usually these pathologies are treated surgically and involve the removal of purulent sacs.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of the type of prostatitis is not particularly difficult and begins with the collection of anamnesis, which helps to more accurately understand the picture of the disease. Then a rectal examination is performed, during which the size of the gland is determined, the nature of the pain is determined, and the presence of edema and seals is detected.

In order to make an accurate diagnosis, laboratory tests are prescribed:

• Urine analysis;
• urine culture with AB susceptibility test;
• general blood test;
• prostate secretion analysis;
• blood chemistry;
• rectal examination.

Additional diagnostics include instrumental research methods. First of all, ultrasound is performed, if necessary, additional MRI and TRUS are prescribed. Relatively recently, a new method of PET testing has emerged that is considered the most informative.

Treatment of inflammation

Urologists treat all types of prostatitis. Traditional methods are good, but only with medical prescriptions and with the permission of a doctor.

You must first discover the cause of the disease, and only then can you carry out post-symptomatic treatment.

• Active antibiotic therapy helps cure prostatitis. Parenteral antibiotics are the most effective.
• With severe pain syndrome, pain relievers and diuretics are indicated.
• Laxatives are prescribed for constipation.
• With severe pain and difficulty urinating, novocaine blockade is established.
• The course of vitamin therapy and immunocorrector is shown.
• It is worth adhering to a special diet that excludes spicy, salty, smoked foods.
• Bed rest is prescribed.

From local procedures, sitz baths with water whose temperature is two degrees higher than body temperature are shown. Enemas are made with an herbal decoction of anti-inflammatory herbs with the addition of 1% anesthetic, while the contents are slowly injected into the intestines and left there as long as the patient can endure.

Physiotherapy treatment also has a beneficial effect on restoring prostate function. Prostate massage with acute prostatitis is prohibited, but in the chronic form is recommended. Normal blood circulation and edema relief, UHF and a microwave oven are prescribed to restore metabolism.

With prolonged urinary retention, a catheter is inserted. At some stages of disease development, surgical treatment is indicated to open the purulent sacs with drainage.

Treatment of acute prostatitis lasts from a few weeks to a month. A favorable outcome is usually observed. If the disease has become complicated or has progressed to a chronic phase, the process will be difficult, long, and can take several months.

During treatment, restriction of sexual activities and use of personal protective equipment are indicated.

A medical physiotherapy device helps cure prostatitis. Effectively removes the symptoms of prostatitis, is able to restore reduced sexual activity, relieve pain, relieve swelling and inflammation. The device can be used at home both for the treatment and prevention of diseases of the pelvic organs.

The device will relieve muscle tension, improve sperm production, strengthen blood vessels and prevent the development of other possible diseases in the small pelvis. The device that treats prostatitis in men is easy to use, equipped with a regulator of heating and vibration, and powered by a network. The compact size allows the device to be used in any conditions.

How to prevent the development of the disease?

Prevention of various types of prostatitis, like any other disease, is a healthy lifestyle, without bad habits and a balanced diet. If you have been diagnosed with prostatitis, you should not neglect exercise. For any nidus inflammation that has occurred, consult a doctor immediately to eliminate the cause and prevent the infection from entering other organs.

You should lead a decent lifestyle, have sex regularly with a regular partner. It is important not to forget about personal hygiene of the genitals and not to neglect regular preventive examinations by a urologist. If a man knows what prostatitis can be, and at the same time leads a passive lifestyle, he should do exercises to prevent the occurrence of congestion in the small pelvis.

Let's summarize

Depending on the causes and characteristics of the course, acute and chronic types of prostatitis are diagnosed. Chronic pelvic pain syndrome belongs to a separate group. Acute prostatitis is characterized by clinical manifestations such as chills, fever and pain. The chronic form may not manifest in any way or have a mild picture: urinary incontinence, painful pain in the pelvic area, which, as complications develop, can lead to impotence and loss of fertility.

Acute prostatitis develops suddenly and is easily diagnosed. In contrast, chronic prostatitis flows in waves, alternating periods of remission and worsening. In the chronic course, the identification of pathogenic microbes can cause certain difficulties. The foci of infection that occur in the genitourinary system cause complications in the form of diseases of organs that are anatomically adjacent to the prostate. Depending on which prostatitis is diagnosed, the urologist prescribes a differentiated treatment regimen.